The Black Sea biospheric reserve
The Black Sea biospheric reserve - national park in
territory of the Kherson and Nikolaev areas of Ukraine. The
area about 100 thousand in hectare. Is in conducting National academy of
sciences of Ukraine.
Reserve management is located in city Naked Landing stage of the Kherson area.
Reserve
geography. The Black Sea biospheric reserve is located at northern coast of Black sea
and islands in Tendrovsky and Jagorlytsky gulfs of Black
sea. The reserve is one of the largest in Ukraine.
The reserve territory consists of several sites which represent different
landscapes of the seaside south of Ukraine.
Reserve overall objective is protection wintering nested and birds of passage,
and also unique complexes of sandy arenas and Steppes which steels deserts.
Switches on separate isolated sites of saline and sandy steppes, oak, birch,
aspen and, plaits, salty and fresh lakes, water areas of gulfs. Sea islands Smolenyj a part of reserve, Eagles, Woman's
are the world's largest nesting place of black-headed seagull.
The modern area of reserve makes 100 thousand in
hectare, of which 77 thousand of 900 hectares, — water area of Tendrovsky and
Jagorlitsky gulfs, and also kilometre strip of the high sea, 14 thousand of 148
hectares — overland part.
Climate.
Climate
is warm, but, despite seaside position, continental and dry. It is
characterised concerning low humidity of air, small overcast, insignificant
amount of precipitation and rather big daily and annual amplitude of
fluctuation of temperature of air. Mid-annual temperature 10,8 °С.
The
reserve nature. In reserve territory there are 446 kinds of vertebrate
animals, more than 3000 kinds of invertebrates, 728 kinds of plants. From them
in the Red book of
Ukraine and the European Red list 14 kinds of mammals, 57 kinds of
birds, 37 kinds of insects, 41 kind of plants are brought.
The reserve is created for protection of wintering,
flying and nesting birds and environment of their dwelling. Are numerous on
nesting of seagull, Terns, sandpipers, ducks, Rallidae, long-legged. In gulfs -
place of mass wintering of swans (whooper and mute), weft, Sandpipers, rails.
On flight it is a lot of geese (especially bausond), sandpipers, sparrow and
other birds. On forest-steppe sites meet on nesting small and rare species,
such as bustard, the sea eagle-belohvost, occasionally encountered bustard. The
spotty deer delivered in 1957 from has well acclimatised Askanii-is new. The
mullet, gloss (subspecies of river flounder) live in waters, bull-calves.
In 2004 in territory of area nearby to village Behtery
the curative geyser has opened. Depth of source of 1572 m. Temperature — 65 °C
all year long. Subsequently on the basis of source beating from under the earth
the pool for acceptance of curative baths (there temperature of all 45-50°С)
has been equipped. Useful influence of source on the oporno-impellent device,
thyroid gland, nervous system and respiratory ways was revealed.